REFERENCIAS CIENTÍFICAS – TECNOLOGÍA A3 (ATP+ADP+AMP)

Esta sección reúne evidencia científica internacional que respalda la eficacia del sistema A3 basado en la detección de adenilatos totales (ATP+ADP+AMP) para el monitoreo de higiene en múltiples industrias.

Incluye estudios revisados por pares, validaciones AOAC, comparaciones tecnológicas y aplicaciones en campo en sectores como alimentos, salud, agua y control ambiental.

A. Principio del test A3

1. A comprehensive analysis of ATP tests: Practical use and recent progress in the total adenylate test for the effective monitoring of hygiene. J. Food Prot. 2022, 85, 1079–1095.

2. Implications of adenylate metabolism in hygiene assessment. J. Food Prot. 2020, 83, 1619-1631.

3. Development of a novel hygiene monitoring system based on the detection of total adenylate (ATP+ADP+AMP). J. Food Prot. 2018, 81, 729-737.

4. The Combination of Filtration and ATP+ADP+AMP Assay for the Assessment of Microbial Quality of Water.IAFP European Symposium 2023

Fundamentos científicos del método basado en adenilatos totales y su evolución frente al ATP tradicional.

B. Relación ATP, ADP y AMP en matrices

Comportamiento de los adenilatos en alimentos y sistemas biológicos.

1. Comparison of detection limits for allergenic foods between total adenylate (ATP+ADP+AMP) hygiene monitoring test and several hygiene monitoring approaches. J. Food Prot. 2020, 83, 1155-1162.

2. Sanitation monitoring of stainless steel surfaces with a test for total adenylates. Food Prot. Trends 2020, 40, 402-406.

3. Evaluation of the total adenylate (ATP+ADP+AMP) test for cleaning verification in healthcare settings. J. Prev. Med. Hyg. 2019, 60, E140-146.

4. Quantities of adenylate homologues (ATP+ADP+AMP) change over time in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. J. Food Prot. 2019, 82, 2088-2093.

5. Development of a novel hygiene monitoring system based on the detection of total adenylate (ATP+ADP+AMP). J. Food Prot. 2018, 81, 729-737.

C. Estudios en campo del test A3

• Alimentos y Bebidas

Aplicación real en plantas de alimentos y cocinas industriales.

1. A comprehensive analysis of ATP tests: Practical use and recent progress in the total adenylate test for the effective monitoring of hygiene. J. Food Prot. 2022, 85, 1079–1095.

2. Rapid hygiene assay sensitive to cumulative adenylate homologues exhibits equal or higher frequencies of soil contamination detection than assay limited to ATP detection. J. Food Prot. 2021, 84, 1937–1944.

3. Assessing the performance of a real-time total adenylate detection assay for surface hygiene monitoring in food manufacturing plants and commercial kitchens. J. Food Prot. 2021, 84, 973-983.

4. Comparison of detection limits for allergenic foods between total adenylate (ATP+ADP+AMP) hygiene monitoring test and several hygiene monitoring approaches. J. Food Prot. 2020, 83, 1155-1162.

• Cuidado de la salud

Uso en entornos clínicos y hospitalarios.

1. Performance characteristics and optimal cut-off value of triple adenylate nucleotides test versus adenosine triphosphate test as point of care testing for predicting inadequacy of duodenoscope reprocessing. J. Hosp. Infect. 2020, 106, 348-356.

2. Evaluation of the total adenylate (ATP+ADP+AMP) test for cleaning verification in healthcare settings. J. Prev. Med. Hyg. 2019, 60, E140-146.

3. Adenosine phosphate-based detection of worker exposure to contaminated water during bathroom cleaning American Journal of Infection Control 2023.51,884-889.

4. Applicability of the ATP assay in monitoring the cleanliness of hospital environments Infection, Disease and Health, Nov. 2023

D. Validación del test A3

Respaldo técnico y normativo.

1. A comprehensive analysis of ATP tests: Practical use and recent progress in the total adenylate test for the effective monitoring of hygiene. J. Food Prot. 2022, 85, 1079–1095.

2. Validation study of LuciPacTM A3 Surface for hygiene monitoring through detection of ATP, ADP, and AMP from stainless steel surfaces: AOAC Performance Tested Method SM 051901. J. AOAC Int. 2020, 103, 1081-1089.

3. Adenosine phosphate-based detection of worker exposure to contaminated water during bathroom cleaning American Journal of Infection Control 2023.51,884-889.

E. Comparación con otras tecnologías

• Alimentos y Bebidas

• Cuidado de la salud

1. AMP, ADP, and ATP concentrations differentially affected by meat processing, manufacturing, and nonmeat ingredients. J. Food Prot. 2024, 87, 100287.

2. A comprehensive analysis of ATP tests: Practical use and recent progress in the total adenylate test for the effective monitoring of hygiene. J. Food Prot. 2022, 85, 1079–1095.

3. Rapid hygiene assay sensitive to cumulative adenylate homologues exhibits equal or higher frequencies of soil contamination detection than assay limited to ATP detection. J. Food Prot. 2021, 84, 1937–1944.

4. Comparison of detection limits for allergenic foods between total adenylate (ATP+ADP+AMP) hygiene monitoring test and several hygiene monitoring approaches. J. Food Prot. 2020, 83, 1155-1162.

5. Sanitation monitoring of stainless steel surfaces with a test for total adenylates. Food Prot. Trends 2020, 40, 402-406.

6. Development of a novel hygiene monitoring system based on the detection of total adenylate (ATP+ADP+AMP). J. Food Prot. 2018, 81, 729-737.

1. Performance characteristics and optimal cut-off value of triple adenylate nucleotides test versus adenosine triphosphate test as point of care testing for predicting inadequacy of duodenoscope reprocessing. J. Hosp. Infect. 2020, 106, 348-356.

2. Evaluation of the total adenylate (ATP+ADP+AMP) test for cleaning verification in healthcare settings. J. Prev. Med. Hyg. 2019, 60, E140-146.

F. Efecto de químicos en medición ATP

Impacto de desinfectantes y matrices en resultados.

1. Validation study of LuciPacTM A3 Surface for hygiene monitoring through detection of ATP, ADP, and AMP from stainless steel surfaces: AOAC Performance Tested Method SM 051901. J. AOAC Int. 2020, 103, 1081-1089.

2. Evaluation of the total adenylate (ATP+ADP+AMP) test for cleaning verification in healthcare settings. J. Prev. Med. Hyg. 2019, 60, E140-146.

3. Development of a novel hygiene monitoring system based on the detection of total adenylate (ATP+ADP+AMP). J. Food Prot. 2018, 81, 729-737.

4. How reliable are ATP bioluminescence meters in assessing decontamination of environmental surfaces in healthcare settings? Plos One 2014, 9, e99951.

G. Aplicaciones del test ATP/A3

• Alimentos y Bebidas

1. Cleaning procedures and cleanliness assessments of bucket milkers and suckling buckets on Japanese dairy farms. J. Vet. Med. Sci. 2021, 83, 863–868.

2. Comparison of the disinfecting effect of sodium hypochlorite aqueous solution and surfactant on hospital kitchen hygiene using adenosine triphosphate swab testing. PLoS One 2021, 16, e0249796.

3. Simplified methods of monitoring airborne bacteria for quality and environmental management in the Japanese food industry. IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci. 2020, 424, 012012.

4. Evaluation of adenosine triphosphate testing for on-farm cleanliness monitoring compared to microbiological testing in an empty pig farrowing unit. J. Anim. Sci. Technol. 2020, 62, 682-691.

5. Shim, K. 2019. Estimating postmortem interval by bioluminescent determination of ATP content in the muscle of olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus). J. Food Prot. 82:703-709.

6. Are restaurant menus vectors of bacterial cross-contamination? A pilot study in Turkey. Brit. Food J. 2017, 119, 401-410.

7. Hygiene control and employees "hands washing" education in Sushi restaurant chain shops. Proceedings of 3rd Asian Food Safety and Security Association (AFSA) Conference 2016 on Food Safety and Food Security. 2016, 44-49.

8. Comparison of results of ATP bioluminescence and traditional hygiene swabbing methods for the determination of surface cleanliness at a hospital kitchen. Int. J. Hyg. Environ. Health 2006, 209, 203-206.

1. A comprehensive analysis of ATP tests: Practical use and recent progress in the total adenylate test for the effective monitoring of hygiene. J. Food Prot. 2022, 85, 1079–1095.

• Cuidado de la salud

1. Rapid detection of microbial contamination in intravenous fluids by ATP-based monitoring system. Jpn. J. Infect. Dis. 2020, 73, 363-365.

2. Evaluation of ATP bioluminescence for monitoring surface hygiene in a hospital pharmacy cleanroom. J. Microbiol. Methods 2020, 168, 105785.

3. Investigation of the contamination level of biological information monitors during dental practice and the effect of barrier techniques. Int. J. Oral-Med. Sci. 2020, 19, 109-115.

4. Comparison between two assessment tests for oral hygiene: adenosine triphosphate + adenosine monophosphate swab test and bacteria number counting by dielectrophoretic impedance measurement. Dent. J. 2019, 7, 10.

5. ATP-based measurements for evaluating the washing of surgical instruments prior to use: a multi-center study. Steri World 2019, 2, 184-188.

6. Characterization of microbial community composition, antimicrobial resistance and biofilm on intensive care surfaces. J. Infect. Public Health 2018, 11, 418-424.

7. Rapid detection of Candida parapsilosis contamination in the infusion fluid. Clin. Nurs. Stud. 2018, 6, 80-83.

8. Effectiveness of hand hygiene depends on the patient's health condition and care environment. Jpn. J. Nurs. Sci. 2016, 13, 413-423.

9. Preventing healthcare-associated infections by monitoring the cleanliness of medical devices and other critical points in a sterilization service. Biomed. Instrum. Technol.: Industrial Sterilization Summer 2016 50, 45-52.

10. Adenosine triphosphate bioluminescence assay for monitoring contamination of the working environment of anaesthetists and cleanliness of the operating room. J. Infect. Prev. 2015, 16, 8-13.

11. Assessment of contamination using an ATP bioluminescence assay on doorknobs in a university-affiliated hospital in Japan. BMC Res. Notes 2015, 8, 352.

12. The perennial problem of variability in adenosine triphosphate (ATP) tests for hygiene monitoring within healthcare settings. Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol. 2015, 36, 658-663.

13. Microbial contamination of surgical instruments used for laparotomy. Am. J. Infect. Control 2014, 42, 43-47.

14. Investigation of the cleanliness of hospital environmental surfaces by adenosine triphosphate bioluminescence assay. Jpn. J. Infect. Prev. Control 2014, 29, 417-423.

15. ATP bioluminescence - for kitchen hygiene and cleaning control of surgical instruments. Int. J. Infect. Control 2008, 4, 1.

16. ATP measurement as method to monitor the quality of reprocessing flexible endoscopes. Ger. Med. Sci. 2004, 2, Doc04.

17. Applicability of the ATP assay in monitoring the cleanliness of hospital environments Infection, Disease and Health, Nov. 2023

• Bibliotecas, Museos

1. Consideration on the environmental microbes management guideline for the facility for conservation and restoration of the Takamatsuzuka mural paintings. Sci. Conserv. 2022, 61, 33-42.

2. How clean is my object? The bioluminescence measurement (ATP/AMP) - Method, practice and opportunities. XIIIth IADA Congress, Berlin (15 October 2015)P. 83.

• Otros sectores

1. E. coli bacteriostatic action using TiO2 photocatalytic reactions. Int. J. Photoenergy. 2018, 8474017.

2. A rapid method for measuring ATP+ADP+AMP in marine sediment Environ Microbiol. 2023;1–10.

3. Adenosine phosphate-based detection of worker exposure to contaminated water during bathroom cleaning American Journal of Infection Control 2023.51,884-889.

Relacionado con la bioluminiscencia

1. Cloning and sequence analysis of cDNA for luciferase of a Japanese firefly, Luciola cruciata Gene Volume 77, Issue 2, 30 April 1989, Pages 265-270

2. Luciferase cDNA from Japanese firefly, Luciola cruciata: Cloning, structure and expression in Escherichia coli Journal of Bioluminescence and Chemiluminescence 1989 Apr-Jun;3(2):75-8.

3. Thermostabilization of firefly luciferase by a single amino acid substitution of at position 217., Biochemistry 32, 1993, 13795-13799